Magikarp weighs 10 kg (22.0 lb), according to its official Pokédex entry, with a listed height of 0.9 m (2 ft 11 in). That is in the range of a large real common carp. Only Pokémon Legends: Arceus lets individuals vary: there a small one weighs 6.4 kg and an Alpha 20.4 kg. Its evolution, Gyarados, weighs 235 kg.
The figure is the Pokédex weight the games and pokemon.com give for Magikarp: 10 kg, or 22.0 lb, at a height of 0.9 m (2 ft 11 in). It has not changed between generations: the original Red and Blue data, Sword and Shield, Scarlet and Violet and Pokémon GO all list the same numbers.
Pokémon Legends: Arceus is the one game where individual Magikarp differ in size. The standard is still 10 kg, but the smallest weigh 6.4 kg (14.1 lb) at 0.72 m and the largest 14.4 kg (31.7 lb) at 1.08 m. An Alpha Magikarp, the oversized kind that roams that game, is 1.53 m long and weighs 20.4 kg (45.0 lb), about twice the usual weight.
Next to a real carp
Magikarp is modeled on carp; in Japan it is called Koiking. A typical common carp is 40 to 80 cm long and weighs 2 to 14 kg, so Magikarp’s 10 kg sits inside that span, though at 0.9 m it is longer than an average carp.
Real carp can grow much heavier. Domesticated common carp reach over 40 kg (88 lb), and the largest one on record, caught in France in 2013, weighed 45.59 kg (100.5 lb). That is more than four times a standard Magikarp and more than twice an Alpha.
From 10 kg to 235 kg
At level 20 Magikarp evolves into Gyarados, which is 6.5 m tall and weighs 235 kg (518.1 lb). That is 23.5 times the weight of a Magikarp. Mega Gyarados adds another 70 kg, for 305 kg. The idea comes from the Chinese legend of carp that leap over the Dragon Gate waterfall and turn into dragons.
Before that, Magikarp has little to work with. Its base stats total 200, and it starts out knowing only Splash, a move with no effect at all. It learns Tackle at level 15 and Flail at level 25, by which point most Magikarp have already evolved. The Scarlet Pokédex says it may jump high on rare occasions, but never more than seven feet.